What does an absence of authority in a system typically lead to?

The absence of authority in a system often leads to chaos and disorder primarily because, without a centralized governing body or recognized set of rules, individuals may pursue their own interests without regard for the collective well-being. This lack of oversight can result in conflicts as varying interests clash, leading to instability and unpredictable behavior among individuals and groups.

In well-structured systems where authority is present, rules and regulations help to guide behavior and resolve disputes, facilitating cooperation and stability. When that authority is undermined or completely absent, the usual social contracts and agreements that maintain order can break down, resulting in a scenario where there are no agreed-upon norms, potentially leading to violence or lawlessness. This outcome underscores the crucial role that governance and authority play in maintaining a functional society.