What does "manifest destiny" express regarding U.S. territorial expansion?

The concept of "manifest destiny" fundamentally reflects the belief that the expansion of the United States across the North American continent was both justified and inevitable. This idea was deeply rooted in a sense of divine right, suggesting that it was not only acceptable but ordained by God for the U.S. to spread from the Atlantic to the Pacific. This notion was influential in shaping American policy and attitudes during the 19th century, driving the nation’s territorial acquisitions such as the annexation of Texas and the acquisition of California and Oregon.

Understanding this context clarifies why the other options do not align with the core principle of manifest destiny. While engaging Canada, military policies, or economic theories related to trade might have been aspects of U.S. foreign relations or strategy, they do not capture the ideological conviction that Americans held about their nation's role and purpose in shaping the continent. The belief in manifest destiny was a powerful motivator for the expansionist movement, encapsulating a blend of nationalism and a perceived moral obligation to spread democracy and civilization across the land.