Which aspect was not a direct result of the Industrial Revolution related to politics?

The Industrial Revolution significantly transformed political structures and social dynamics, but the expansion of agricultural practices is not considered a direct result of this period. Instead, the Industrial Revolution primarily focused on the growth of industries and urban centers, which drew labor from agrarian economies. It led to a movement away from traditional agricultural practices toward industrialization and urbanization.

The increased complexity of government arose as a response to the rapidly changing economic landscape, necessitating new regulations and structures to manage the growing urban populations and economic activities. The extension of the middle class was significantly influenced by the economic opportunities created by industrialization, as many people moved from agrarian lifestyles to urban jobs, thereby altering social class dynamics. Lastly, the growth of cheap newspaper publications was a direct outcome of increased literacy rates and the demand for information in urban settings, fueled by the better printing technologies that emerged during this period.

Thus, while agricultural practices evolved due to various factors, they were not a direct political result of the Industrial Revolution, distinguishing them from the other options that denote political and social transformations resulting from industrial changes.